Sexual Education from Parents to Their Teenage Children in Pattingalloang Sub District, Ujung Tanah District, Makassar City

. This study aims to comprehensively explain the sexual education of parents to their adolescent children in Pattingalloang Village, Ujung Tanah District, Makassar City. This type of research is a descriptive type with a qualitative approach and in determining the informants in the study using purposive sampling technique and then data collection is carried out first through observation then interviews and documentation after the data is collected and then data analysis is carried out including the process of data reduction, data presentation and withdrawal conclusion. The results of this study indicate that the form of parental sexual education, namely, human reproductive health, namely educating the cleanliness of the core organs of adolescents and providing types of food that contain nutrients, while in human relations, limiting social interactions, then on the cultural values of the religious community, parents insert religious spiritual values. when educating their teens about sexuality issues.


Introduction
In the current era of postmodernity, it is noted that there are many problematic phenomena related to the rise of cases of sexual harassment, free sex, HIV-infected diseases and others, and not to mention that some parents are very taboo in their behavior. provide insight into sexual education for their teenagers, as a result of the negative stigmas that enter the minds of parents that talking about sexuality is a dirty thing to talk about with their teenagers, so. The implication of this is that teenagers tend to seek information about sexuality issues through internet browsing or mass media and ultimately lead them to information that is often misunderstood.
Entering the life of postmodernity today, it should be noted and understood that where technology is increasingly advanced and also increasingly sophisticated, which can access any kind of information in a simple and practical way and can be accessed by all groups, ranging from adults, teenagers and even children who are young. begins to enter the adolescent stage, so that there is a flow of information without filtering or filtering before receiving the information, which will have a significant impact on adolescents if they are not accompanied by their parents so that further implications of this will lead to misinterpretation of sexuality issues and experience changes in meaning towards negative ones that will bring teenagers trapped in misinformation * Corresponding author : rasyidridha@gmail.com As shown by the information or data taken from (Maolida, 2021) the trapping of teenagers towards wrong information and the absence of parental or family direction regarding sexuality knowledge, has caused 72.9% of unwanted pregnancies, 94.8% risk of miscarriage, 5.2% of physically transmitted diseases, namely STDs then 54.3% contaminated with HIV from 200 thousand victims throughout Indonesia [1].
Based on the data that has been written previously, it shows that adolescents have very little knowledge about sexuality education, this is certainly inseparable from the taboo of parents in providing insight into sexual education to their adolescents so that it has implications for the lack of understanding of sexual education by adolescents. Parents who close information or taboos about sexuality to teenagers will cause children's curiosity increase and choose to search for information about their own sexuality through the internet, with unfiltered information that is not even relevant to them such as pornographic images, adult stories, and even video shows. marital relationship [2].
In Makassar City itself, including the area of Pattingalloang Village, Ujung Tanah Sub-district, as a city that is considered a metropolitan, more and more free sex behavior and infectious diseases and the like are seen. The signs can be seen from nearly 4,000 AIDS victims in South Sulawesi, around 3,134 victims or about 80% are in Makassar City. Even Makassar City as the three main cities with the most HIV/AIDS victims in Indonesia, Makassar City is at a very high level of adolescent free sex behavior which is also the cause of the spread of HIV AIDS endemic infections in Makassar City [3].
Parents as educators for teenagers should have extensive knowledge about the things needed by teenagers, one of which is knowledge about sexuality itself, sexual education can provide a straight path to support the way of life of their teenagers. Sources of information about parents' sexual education at this time are not only from schools, but can be from various kinds of mass media, so that parents with low education can also access information about sexual education. In addition, parents as educators should try to get as much information as possible about sexual education in adolescents, as a guide for parents in protecting adolescents, regardless of the level of education taken.
Departing from this, of course, parents have a dominant and very important position, namely educating their teenagers' sexuality, therefore the author wants to see how What is the sexual education of parents for teenagers? after a lot of sexual deviant behavior, as well as infectious diseases such as HIV and AIDS, even the city of Makassar in 2017 including Kelurahan Patingalloang is at the third level of all cities in Indonesia.

Research Methods
This research was carried out in Pattingalloang Village, Ujung Tanah Subdistrict, Makassar City and then this type of research is descriptive with a qualitative approach because this research is descriptive, namely describing the phenomenon of parental sexual education to their children. Qualitative approach in this study, because the researcher makes a complex description, examines a word and makes it into a detailed report about the findings and actions of the subject in natural conditions [4]. A qualitative approach is a research procedure that will produce descriptive data in the form of written or oral statements from the observed person or actor [5]. Determination of informants using purposive sampling technique with the determination of informants who are considered capable of answering research problems, namely parents who have teenage children and health workers then data collection conduct observations, interviews and documentation.
Data analysis used the interactive analysis model of Miles and Huberman (1994). Research data were collected, processed and then analyzed using qualitative procedure analysis techniques with the following steps; data reduction, namely simplification of data and removing data that is not needed in research problems; presentation of data, namely a set of information that has been arranged which gives the possibility of meaning that can be reported in drawing conclusions; Conclusion drawing and verification is carried out after the data is presented and described and given a meaning with a logical interpretation then further conclusions are based on data presentation and data reduction. Verification was carried out using observational persistence and source triangulation techniques [6].

Results and Discussion
Parents' sexual education for their teenagers from the results of research in the field is contained in three forms of sexual education given to their teenagers, namely education in the form of reproductive health, then human relations and forms of community culture and religion.
Sexual education in the form of reproductive health from parents to teenagers, namely educating in teaching the cleanliness of the intimate organs of their teenage children when they are menstruating or in other words, their periods in particular-their teenagers, this is done as an effort to prevent infectious diseases that This is due to not maintaining hygiene patterns, so that the cleanliness of the intimate organs will prevent the area from being exposed to potential hotbeds of venereal disease, besides that it is also supported by a healthy diet provided by parents on the grounds that fertilization and sperm of adolescents can be of high quality, in addition, parents also not spared in educating teenagers in introducing organs to teenagers and this is done by parents because they are still at an early age to introduce their teenage children to organs that are allowed to be touched and which should not be touched by the opposite sex, especially.
Reproductive health for adolescents is very important to be given by their parents, considering that more and more sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and HIV are occurring among adolescents, adequate reproductive health knowledge for adolescents will have implications for healthy and responsible decision making and be able to control adolescents.
Miswanto (2014) also stated that adolescent reproductive health is to provide knowledge to adolescents in terms of body anatomy and reproductive physiology, fetal development processes and various reproductive problems such as STDs, HIV, AIDS and their impacts, as well as the development of healthy reproductive behavior to prepare themselves to carry out a healthy reproductive function [7].
Then, besides parents educating teenagers in the form of reproductive health, parents also teach about sexual education in the form of human relationships. Human relations is a form of sexual relationship education that affects relationships between people such as family, friendship, courtship and marriage, this process is a process of human interaction that involves two or more people in various ways, such as how teenagers interact with their environment. In this way, efforts to remember the social risks that will be obtained when adolescents do not limit themselves in their social environment.
This parental sexual education is carried out in a simple way, namely limiting the association of their teenage children, parents showing how to choose their social friends, parents educating teenagers not to undergo relationships such as dating because teenagers who are not mature enough, parents do this in an effort to protect their teenagers from free sex, as well as infectious diseases that have spread widely in today's society that violate the norms prevailing in society, the higher the level of parental supervision carried out on https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214901034 , 01034 (2022) SHS Web of Conferences 149 ICSS 2022 teenagers them, the lower the possibility of deviant behavior that afflicts teenagers in order to avoid unwanted things such as pregnancy out of wedlock, free sex, and the like, the environment is also very influential, therefore parents do this so that teenagers can be careful and limit themselves in their social environment.
Parents also teach based on cultural, community and religious values. Religion is a human control for a better life because in reality there is no religion that teaches humans to do bad things and make teenagers act in accordance with religious teachings and the sanctity in it does not conflict with the norms prevailing in society, especially related to sexual relations. In other words, the framework for the purpose of sexual education is to make teenagers aware of the norms that have been set by the general public. Parents carry out sexual education in the form of culture, society and religion by means of the cultural values of the religious community by instilling it from the beginning, which is done since adolescence is still early, parents assume that education in the form of religion is very dominant to assist in educating their teenagers, religion is a the most powerful guideline for humans because there are moral values so that teenagers avoid deviant behavior, parents provide education in the form of a general description of the dangers of free sex while at the same time incorporating religious values when people engage in behavior deviant, parents provide education in the form of worship to teenagers, prohibiting children from coming into contact with non-same sex. The cultivation of religious values is an ethical and norm effort that is carried out consciously, planned and responsible in order to guide children towards religious life.
Sexual education from culture, religious communities is a pedagogical effort and application of sexual problems to children as well as in preventing children from violating religious norms and closing all avenues for prohibited sexual relations, namely deviant sexual behavior. This is a provision for the lives of teenagers to avoid negative things. This means that the cultural values of a religious community can be used as the most basic guidelines and foundation for the adolescent personality process, which covers all aspects of community life in the form of laws and values that make adolescents better.
Using the theory of James S Coleman in seeing the phenomenon (1990) is the theory of rational choice. In the analysis of rational choice, Coleman tries to explain phenomena that are macro through a micro approach, the macro is a social system while the micro is the individual. Coleman tries to analyze individual actions and individual actions then accumulate into structural actions or social systems, so that something micro moves to something macro [8] [9].
According to Coloman (2008) collective behavior is an attempt by actors to maximize their interests, so as to produce a balance between several individuals in the group and society. In conclusion, both individual action and collective action both have a purpose. Meanwhile, these norms are practiced and maintained by some people who see the advantages and disadvantages produced by violating the norms the. Norms are macro-level phenomena that are born based on macro-level goals [10].
The key in rational choice theory is that the first is the actor then the resource, the actor is the individual, every person, the unit that performs an action and action to achieve the goals desired by the individual while resources are the facilities controlled by the individual in achieving his goals, sources in that sense can be material and non-material. According to Coleman individual action is an interest in the fulfillment of their respective goals and all people or individuals will exert all resources in achieving their goals Parents take sexual education actions against their teenage children, that these actions certainly have a purpose, namely so that the lives of teenagers will be better and avoid sexual deviant behavior that is considered to be detrimental to parents (Micro) and harm the teenagers themselves, so that there is no harm to other people. parents, then parents provide sexual education for teenagers based on their rational choices, for the purpose of avoiding sexual behavior, infectious diseases and the like and violating the norms that apply in society (Macro) then there is an advantage between the two. Actors or parents in terms of putting all their resources into achieving this goal. Non-material resources can be seen how parents instill knowledge about sexuality itself both in terms of knowledge about reproductive health, human relations and knowledge of moral values contained in religious culture, while materially it can be seen when parents facilitate adolescent children with healthy food to achieve goals so that teenagers have quality optimal fertilization and sperm health.

Conclusion
The forms of sexual education given by parents to their teenage children, firstly reproductive health includecleaning of intimate organs, healthy eating patterns for their teenagers and introducing their organs to their teens in order to know the limits of the organs that are allowed to be touched, then in the form of intercourse. Humans include limitations in the association of their teenagers in order to prevent teenagers from promiscuity that can bring children on sexual deviation behavior and recommends in choosing relatives in association, not having relations with the opposite sex in the sense of courtship, while in the form of culture, society, religion includes the cultivation of cultural values of religious communities which are inserted every time in educating their teenagers in order not to violate religious norms prevailing in society