Protection of Street Children's Human Rights in Relation to Surabaya's National Human Rights Plan of Action

. This article aims to describe the problems experienced by street children in the city of Surabaya and the form of human rights protection for street children carried out by the Surabaya city government as the actualization of the RAN HAM in the city of Surabaya. This basic research uses a qualitative approach by taking locations at gathering points for street children, such as in the Bungkul Park area of Surabaya, as research subjects. The data used in this study were obtained through interviews, observations, and related documentation related to the research, and the results of the data were analyzed using descriptive techniques. Efforts made both by the government through the preparation of laws and regulations, through institutions related to street children, namely Bappeda and the Social Service to fulfill the rights of street children, it turns out that in its implementation it cannot just run, but requires the participation of the general public to participate in empowering the community. and fulfill the rights of street children, especially in the city of Surabaya.


Introduction
The development of human resources in Indonesia is rising due to the impact of development in the economic sector as well as science and technology. On the other hand, it cannot be denied that the development of human resources has not been fully achieved, because there are still some groups of people who are marginalized and whose welfare is not yet complete. The impact of development that occurs in the current era of modernization is also inseparable from the formation of individualistic traits in modern society. As a result, it is not uncommon for competitive behavior to arise between people in order to achieve their goals. The consequence of this behavior is the formation of hierarchy in society, where marginalized people will become more marginalized, while people who are already wealthy will be wealthier.
Hierarchy in society will create social disparities, which is a complicated problem to solve because it involves various aspects that must be mastered in depth through a participatory approach. Social disparities often lead to social problems caused by the low level of community welfare. Street children are an example of a society that has a low level of welfare and is often helpless. According to Itsnaini (Armita, P, 2016:377), Psychologically, street children are children who do not have strong mental or emotional readiness, but circumstances or intentions force them to struggle with tough street life and tend to give a negative influence on poverty problems, where the majority of poverty is considered as the cause of street children in cities or regions in Indonesia. It can also be interpreted as an imbalance between the increase of population and economic development in the current era of globalization, which eventually results in social problems for street children. Street children in Indonesia are mostly considered by large communities as a slum group, disturbing, and unmanageable. It is often related to the physical appearance of most street children who wear messy clothes, untidy hair, and facial conditions that look apprehensive.
Research results from Setyowati, et al (2021: 27), explain that street children receive discriminatory treatment in the form of bullying by their surroundings and companions. Bullying often happens to street children who have an underprivileged background in the eyes of the community, for example, street children who have widowed parents are considered as a child of someone who often changes partners. In addition to discriminatory actions in the form of bullying, street children often experience sexual violence. Research found that street children said there is a middle-aged man called "Mr. Bird" that likes to show his genitals to children who are passing in front of him. This action affected the street children badly, however, they also did not dare to report the actions of "Mr. Bird" to the authorities.
Setyowati, Rr Nanik, and Ali Imron (2016:556-557) found that street children carry a massive social burden, such as street children who suffered acts of violence while working on the streets. The violence they received is various, which are sexual, physical, verbal, psychological, and economic exploitation. Violence can also be expressed in discrimination by senior street children, confiscation of busking products, and symbolic violence. All polemics faced by street children are fluctuating, where the data is dynamic and can change every year. Research conducted by the Social Service and 15 Shelters in Surabaya (Rizal & Ma'ruf, 2020: 2) explained that the percentage of street children is much bigger than the percentage of homeless people and beggars, which is 248,665, while the percentage of homeless people and beggars is 51 people.
Violence against street children often happens to those who are not in the shelter. Street children who do not have a shelter will sleep and live on the streets regardless of where and when they will live. Street children will live nomadically, i.e. move from one place to another as long as the place can provide for their needs. The shelter has an important role as a place to protect street children from various things that threaten them. On the contrary, the chances of violence being received by street children will be even higher if they do not have a shelter, this means that street children will receive minimal protection.
In general, street children are at productive age and school age, which means they have the same rights as children of their age to obtain educational services as stated in Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning child protection which claims that every child without exception has the right to receive an education. This suggests that street children are included in education and teaching in developing their personality and intellectual abilities. Hence, the human rights of street children are essentially the same as human rights in general which are clearly stated in Law Number 39 of 1999 concerning Human Rights, and Presidential Decree Number 36 of 1990 concerning to Ratification of the Convention on the Right of the Child.
As a form of violation of their rights, street children constantly have to receive negative impacts, including exploitation, physical violence like beatings, sexual violence, and economic deprivation. Observing how hard the negative impacts that have to be faced by street children are, it is not uncommon for them to be caught up in a vicious cycle which of course will endanger their psychological health and growth ( As a response to the existing human rights problems that are still encountered in many groups, the government gave a positive reply through the issuance of Presidential Regulation of the Republic Indonesia Number 53 of 2021 concerning the National Action Plan for Human Rights (RANHAM) of 2021-2025. Four groups are considered as vulnerable to experiencing human rights violations, which are children, women, people with disabilities, and indigenous peoples. Street children fall into the category of children who are vulnerable to human rights violations and their human rights must be protected. In Article 3, RANHAM contains strategic purposes to carry out respect, protection, fulfillment, enforcement, and promotion of human rights to four target groups including children. Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 is considered essential to be actualized by the regional government through adjustments to regional policies that are believed to be capable of facilitating the protection of human rights for target groups, including street children.
In attachment II to Presidential Decree Number 53 of 2021, it is fully stated that the challenges in terms of fulfilling human rights for children consist of various problems, one of which is the persistence of acts of violence, exploitation, and discrimination against children who need special protection, such as street children. For this reason, it is clear that the protection of street children has become the duty of the government, especially the relevant responsible institutions to seriously pay attention to the real conditions of street children in the area so that appropriate and helpful actions can be done.
Street children's problems in the city of Surabaya must be responded to in a real and serious way, especially by the Surabaya government based on the clear legal products and through institutions that are authorized to take care of the problems with street children. The authorized institutions include Bappeda (Regional Planning Agency) and Dinsos (Social Service) which both aim to create Surabaya as a comfortable city by overcoming the problems of street children in several ways. It is not simply the responsibility of certain institutions, but the community also must be involved in the process, either as a group of assistance, socialization or counseling, and others so that it is possible for the strategy of protecting human rights for street children to be more effective. However, despite the clear legal products and institutions, the truth is until now, street children are still found on the corners of Surabaya. Taking everything into consideration, research related to the protection of street children's human rights is important to find out how far the current strategy has been carried out by the Surabaya City Government in providing human rights protection for street children.

Research Methods
This study uses a qualitative approach with a qualitative descriptive design, with the consideration of revealing problems naturally and deeply without intervention from researchers. The descriptive qualitative was chosen to describe the strategy of protecting the human rights of street children by the Surabaya city government as the actualization of the National Action Plan for Human Rights in the city of Surabaya. The informant collection technique in this study was purposive sampling or judgmental sampling, which is the way of sampling in selecting subjects based on specific criteria set by the researcher.
The informants of this study were street children in the city of Surabaya. The research location is set at a place that is usually used as a meeting point for street children, namely in the Ketintang railway area. Other than the street children, informants also came from the Integrated Implementing Unit institution which was fostered directly by the Surabaya City Government. Lastly, informants also came from private institutions engaged in the humanitarian field to provide guidance on the rights of street children in Surabaya. There are two sources of data in this study, which are primary data and secondary data. Primary data were obtained through in-depth interviews with informants and observations at the research site. Meanwhile, secondary data was obtained through analyzing books; scientific articles, whether published in journals; mass media reports; and research results that are related to the problems studied. The data that has been collected is then analyzed using the interactive analysis technique of the Miles and Huberman model, through data reduction techniques, data presentation, and data verification

Informant Profiles and Forms of Coaching Obtained
The profiles of the informants in this study are street children who do not have a shelter in several areas where street children gather in the city of Surabaya. These areas include the Ketintang Baru Railway, where street children in this area often receive guidance from private institutions. The institution named Arek Lintang (ALIT) cares about the fulfillment rights of street children in Surabaya. Street children fostered by ALIT are those who are still in school, both elementary, middle, and vocational schools. Most of the street children fostered by ALIT are those who have not fully experienced the guidance carried out by the Surabaya City government to minimize the occurrence of human rights violations against street children. Informant profiles obtained by researchers can be reviewed through the following table. The four informants stated four (4) different types of violence which included sexual, physical, verbal, and economic exploitation. The first is sexual violence against YF, a seventh grader of junior high school. The sexual violence that occurred was caused by "Mr. Bird" who often showed his genitals to YF and his friends when they pass through "Mr. Bird"'s house. The form of sexual violence committed by "Mr. Bird" is nonphysical that harms children's psychology. Children will be terrified when they realize what is being shown to them because they feel that it is something forbidden that they should not have known yet. Secondly, BG is an informant who frequently receives physical violence from his parents. If BG made a mistake, he will receive a beating from his parents which results in bruises all over his body. The violence he gets has influenced the process of his interaction in society, namely, he will often harass his friends as a form of anger towards his parents about being beaten, especially if the beating was not deserved. The third is verbal violence experienced by RS. The verbal abuse that he received was being humiliated because RS's mother was a former prostitute.
This has led to RS being degraded and discriminated against by his friends and he finds it tough to get along with other street children. Fourth, AD received violence in the form of economic exploitation by his parents who asked him to sell tissues to fulfill the needs of their family life. As a result, AD's freedom to obtain education and soft skill development like other children of his age is hampered. Every time AD tries to protest and disobey his parents, then he will be scolded by his parents using indecent words and physical violence.
As indicated by the research findings above, it shows that human rights violations against street children still exist. Violence against street children will perpetually exist if the government does not take concrete actions to provide welfare for the lives of street children. This welfare is essential for street children as a form of government support in solving community social problems. Real action to solve the problem of street children has been enshrined in Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 concerning the National Action Plan for Human Rights. According to Article 1 Paragraph 2, it is explained that the National Action Plan for Human Rights, hereinafter abbreviated as RANHAM, is a document containing strategic objectives that are used as a reference for ministries, institutions, and provincial and district/city governments in the context of implementing respect, protection, fulfillment, enforcement, and the promotion of human rights in Indonesia. Furthermore, the President of Republic Indonesia through the Presidential Regulation has acknowledged the problem of fulfilling human rights that are still unresolved. This response is embodied in the Presidential Regulation of Republic Indonesia Number 53 of 2021 concerning the National Plan for Human Rights (RANHAM) in 2021-2025. RANHAM as a reference or guideline for ministries, institutions, and local governments in the context of implementing respect and protection of human rights in Indonesia explains in article 4 regarding vulnerable groups who often experience human rights violations, namely children, women, disabilities, and indigenous peoples. Article 3 of the Presidential Regulation of the Republic of Indonesia Number 53 of 2021 concerning RANHAM explains that ministries, institutions, and the government must involve the community to work together to contain strategic targets regarding the implementation of protection and enforcement of Human Rights against 4 (four) vulnerable groups which include street children in the category of children. The form of protection for 4 (four) vulnerable groups is Human Rights Action. According to Article 7 Paragraph 1 of Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 concerning RANHAM, human rights actions as referred to in article 6 are carried out by ministries, institutions, and provincial and district/city governments with the participation of the community. Furthermore, in Article 7 Paragraph 2 of Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 concerning RANHAM, ministers, heads of institutions, governors, and regents/mayors have responsibility for the implementation of Human Rights Actions following their respective authorities based on the provisions of laws and regulations. This explains that local governments, both provincial and district/municipal, are obliged to participate in implementing the protection and promotion of human rights in Indonesia. This obligation also applies to the Surabaya City government in protecting the citizens of the city of Surabaya, especially the marginalized city residents, which are street children.

Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection
The protection of street children is a shared responsibility for both the community and the government. Law Number 35 of 2014 Amendments to Law Number 23 of 2022 concerning Child Protection has explained that every child has the right to live, grow, and develop according to their potential. This protection, of course, refers to all children in Indonesia without exception. Furthermore, according to Article 20 of Law Number 35 of 2014 concerning Child Protection, it has been stated that the State, Government, Regional Government, Community, Family, and Parents or Guardians have obligations and are responsible for the implementation of Child Protection. These emphasized the practice of giving identity to children, the right to get protection for their health, the right to get protection within the educational scope, and protecting the comfort and safety of children. However, in reality, there are still numerous children who have not received such protection, such as street children.
The regional institution has authority in the formation of regional regulations. However, it cannot be separated from the highest regulation that overshadows them, namely Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 concerning RANHAM. Regional regulations will be formed by each regional government following what is needed by the region and the natural characteristics of its occurring community. Regardless, according to the findings of the researchers for the Surabaya City local government regulations on derivatives of Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 concerning RANHAM, researchers have not found any derivative regulations issued by the Surabaya City government against the related Presidential Regulation. On the other hand, the local government of Surabaya City has a Regional Regulation that controls the implementation of child protection. This regulation is embodied in Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection and Regional Regulation Number 11 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Social Welfare (Rahmaveda, A, 2017:2).
In article 1 paragraph (11) of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection, it is stated that street children are children whose lives are jagged by spending most of their time outside of their homes to earn a living on the streets or in public places. The Surabaya City government's concern for street children is embodied in https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202214902013 , 02013 (2022) SHS Web of Conferences 149 ICSS 2022 Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection, specifically contained in Article 4 which declares that the Regional Government is obliged and responsible for; 1) Respect and guarantee the human rights of every child without distinction of ethnicity, religion, race, class, gender, culture and language, the legal status of the child, order of birth of the child, and physical and/or mental condition; 2) Provide support for facilities and infrastructure in the implementation of child protection; 3) Guarantee the protection, maintenance, and welfare of the child by taking into account the rights and responsibilities of parents, guardians, or other persons who are legally responsible for the child; 4) Supervise the implementation of child protection; 5) Guarantee the child to use his right to express opinions according to the age and level of intelligence of the child; 6) Facilitate the participation of the community and the private sector in the implementation of child protection. Protecting children is a responsibility of the Regional Government, the community, families, and parents are obliged to ensure that children are protected from illnesses that threaten their survival and/or cause disability, as stated in the Regional Regulation of Surabaya Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection. Moreover, Article 17 Paragraphs (1) and (2) further explain that the Regional Government also has an important role to provide facilities and infrastructure, including ensuring the safety, comfort, and health of children; motivating children's creativity, and involving elements of education.
Although it has been stated in detail, in reality, many children's rights are still neglected and violated. It can be seen clearly in several corners of the city. For example, in Article 10 paragraphs (1) to (3) of the Surabaya City Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection, it is explained that the Regional Government is obliged to guarantee the implementation of education for all children with a minimum of 12 years. Yet for street children, this is quite uncommon and hard to achieve. This leads directly to how the government and the community itself are violating street children's rights.
The assurance of social welfare of street children as a form of protection for street children is also enshrined in Article 15 Paragraph (3) of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection, namely in the form of providing services: a. health; b. education; c. social, mental, and spiritual guidance; d. social rehabilitation; e. accompaniment; f. empowerment; g. social assistance; h. legal aid; and/or i. reintegration of the child into the family. In Regional Regulation Article 18 paragraphs (1) to (4), it has been thoroughly mentioned the obligations of local governments and the community to protect child workers in informal sector jobs, such as child buskers, child scavengers, and child hawkers that involve children in those activities. This also applies to street children to prevent exploitation, discrimination, and violence against street children.
In addition to the government, the protection of street children must also be implemented by various lines, namely the community and the private sector whose role is as important as that of the government. Article 19 of the Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the implementation of Child Protection explains that the community and the private sector have obligations and positions that are equal to the Regional Government to partake in the process of protecting children's rights and supervision whether it is executed by an individual, group, or community institution. Community and private sector participation are enshrined in Article 20 of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection in the form of: a. Provision of safe houses and shelters ; b. The establishment of an Integrated Child Service Center. c. Establishment and management of child orphanages; d. Establishment of rehabilitation centers for children victims of abuse of narcotics, alcohol, psychotropic substances and other addictive substances e. Providing legal assistance to children in conflict with the law; f. Providing educational scholarships; g. Provision of allowance for health costs; h. Provision of children's playgrounds; i. Participate actively in supervising children's activities that are not suitable for the norms prevailing in society ; It can be seen that in terms of laws and regulations owned by the Surabaya City Government as a reference in fulfilling human rights, especially for street children, it is comprehensively considered incomplete and renewable. The Regional Regulations issued by the Surabaya City government are old regulations, prior to the issuance of a new regulation by the President of Republic Indonesia in 2021 regarding RANHAM. This regulation must be passed down by each regional government, to adjust the existing conditions and necessities according to each region. The local government of Surabaya City has not yet formulated a regional regulation which is a derivative of Presidential regulation No. 53 of 2021 which led to assumptions that the Surabaya City government is still reluctant to follow up on human rights violations against street children.

The Technical Implementation Unit in Surabaya as a Strategy of Protecting the Rights of Street Children by the Surabaya City Government
The strategy taken by the Surabaya City government to assist street children is declared in the Surabaya Mayor's speech in front of the sub-district head and urban village head around the City of Surabaya. In his speech, the Mayor of Surabaya explained that efforts to protect street children are not only the responsibility of local governments but it is also a joint responsibility of the community to minimize the incidence of human rights violations against street children. Thus, the Mayor of Surabaya hopes for an alliance between government institutions, private institutions, and the community to fulfill the protection of street children. The Mayor of Surabaya said that he did not wish to see the citizens of Surabaya crying because their children had dropped out of school, street children and beggars can still be found at every intersection, as well as the presence of illegal buildings which later could harm the citizens of Surabaya. Furthermore, he also advised every subdistrict head and urban village head to always get closer to residents, especially in the neighborhood/hamlet environment they live in. It is aimed that they can communicate with each other and coordinate with other OPDs, private institutions, and community institutions with the same goal to assist and protect street children (surabaya.net.2022).
The concrete strategy carried out by the Surabaya City government to follow up on social welfare problems, especially to assist street children is the establishment of the Technical Implementation Unit (UPT) for Elders and Street Children. Since 2013, Surabaya has been considered to be 'clean' from the existence of people who have social welfare problems, such as homeless people, beggars, and street children. One of the UPTs for the Elderly and Street Children in Surabaya is the UPTD Liponsos Keputih, which is a government service to provide shelter for people who have social welfare problems (PMKS) and are classified as homeless and beggars caught in raids by the Civil Service Police Unit (SATPOL PP). The services provided by UPTD Liponsos Keputih Surabaya are in line with Surabaya Mayor Regulation No. 22 of 2013, namely the acceptance of PMKS communities affected by SATPOL PP raids (Article 6); providing guidance and social services to the PMKS community following their needs (Article 7), and repatriation from the Liponsis UPTD area if it is verified that the PMKS community has been able to live independently and will not disturb public order (Article 9 and Article 10). The PMKS population in UPTD Liponsos Keputih as of May 2018 can be seen in the following table: In the UPTD Liponsos Keputih, the PMKS community, especially the homeless and beggars consisting of street children, abandoned people, and others, will receive a diagnosis beforehand. This diagnosis aims to determine the story behind why PMKS behaves in such a way. This background usually contains their past who often experienced violence, did not receive parental love, and the exploitation of parents to ask their children to do work that they should not be able to do. Next is the provision of health and mental care. This treatment is adjusted to the needs of each street child. For example, street children who often experience sexual violence must receive treatment from certain therapies to relieve trauma. The third step is the implementation of mental and social intelligence development. The development of mental and social intelligence is crucial for street children to analyze and evaluate everything that happens in their environment. With that, they can understand the best attitude for their better survival. Fourth, is the practice of job skills training, basic vocational training, and business development. Work skills training has an important role to sharpen all the skills possessed by street children. The Surabaya City government expects that with the provision of skills that they have, street children are more independent and can be creative according to the skills they are interested in. Fifth is the implementation of distribution and resettlement efforts for families. If the street children are considered to have retained enough provisions to re-engage in the world of society, then UPTD Liponsos will return them to their respective families. However, if they do not have a family, they will be directed to certain businesses that are currently in dire need of human resources. Last is the implementation of further guidance and social protection. This follow-up training is very important to supervise street children after they settle outside the UPTD Liponsos. This supervision aims to find out whether the expected changes will happen or even vice versa.
Other than the UPTD Liponsos Keputih Surabaya, the Surabaya City Government Implementing Unit that protects the rights of street children is UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri. This UPTD focuses on protecting and fulfilling children's rights, especially children who are less fortunate than others. According to the Head of the UPTD Kampung Negeri, Erni Lutfia (Pride Surabaya, 2019), the background stories of children in the UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri are diverse. These include children who have dropped out of school, children who have been raided by SATPOL PP and have no family, children who have been outreached, and children who have been abandoned by their parents. The number of children who stayed at the UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri was 35 children, with the age range of 7-18 years.
The protection of street children's rights that is implemented in the UPTD of Kampung Anak Negeri can be classified into two types, namely coaching on formal education and coaching on non-formal education. Activities carried out as a form of strategy to protect the rights of street children in the city of Surabaya are asking children to get used to doing prayer Fajr, then children who are taking formal education will leave for school. However, children who take non-formal education will be readied with the ability to perform entrepreneurial activities. Furthermore, the children also earned a provision of religious knowledge, such as reciting the holy book, praying, and others. In the evening after the evening prayer, the children will receive a lesson on talents and interests, where they can discover skills that can help determine their future. This lesson can be painting, music, boxing, bicycle racing, and also martial arts.

Surabaya City Government Collaboration with Private Institutions and Communities in Providing Protection of Street Children's Rights
The fulfillment of the human rights of street children is a humanitarian development program. Humanitarian programs that are considered to have not been implemented comprehensively for the target party have caused concern by private institutions and community institutions that are associated with humanitarian empowerment to participate in assisting street children. The participation of private institutions and the community in assisting street children is a form of community collaboration with the government to erase community social problems. In accordance with the researcher's findings, the private institution that often participates in assisting street children is Surabaya ALIT Foundation. ALIT Surabaya Foundation provides three approaches in the process of protecting the human rights of street children, (1) prioritizing children's participation that focuses on child intervention, (2) developing a community that focuses on the process of empowering family, parents, and empowering the surrounding environment and children, and (3) an advocacy approach that provides a stimulus for change.
"ALIT Surabaya Foundation is committed to empowering street children so that they can optimize all their potential, come to be brilliant, and can gradually escape the snares of the streets" (Interview with Ari, Manager of the Surabaya ALIT Foundation).
The empowerment program performed by Surabaya ALIT Foundation is supported by 3 permanent volunteers and 5 non-permanent volunteers who are interns. Each volunteer is responsible for 2-3 street children assisted by the Surabaya ALIT Foundation. Volunteers visit street children twice a week on Saturdays and Sundays with an average duration of 4 hours per day. The target of the ALIT Foundation's child rights program is children aged 6-17 years with special needs, whose rights are neglected and cannot grow and develop optimally. This is pursuing the mission of the ALIT Foundation itself, which is to improve the condition of marginalized children such as street children, children from poor areas in cities and remote areas, as well as children from minority groups. The children assisted by the Surabaya ALIT Foundation consist of 58 boys and 39 girls (Basic Data for Children for Surabaya Region, 2021).
The ALIT Surabaya Foundation also assists the parents of children that live on the edge of train rail by organizing a parent forum, where the forum functions as a platform to communicate with children's parents. This forum helps them understand good parenting, prioritize the fulfillment of children's needs, and not use violence against children. The program implementation process is carried out after the program is selected through decision-making as well as strategic and operational stages to achieve the expected goals. The implementation of the child rights program goes through a series of stages. (Setyowati, Rr Nanik, et al: 2021).
The first stage is organizing the activity module. In executing activities, the Surabaya ALIT Foundation has a module that is used as a guide for implementers so that the goals of the activity can be achieved optimally. One of the modules used is the Child Protection Module (Perlina). The Perlina module was created as a response to the condition of children who experience cases of violence and exploitation in various regions yet lack significant support in terms of protection related to their rights as regulated in the Child Protection Law. The Perlina module gathered by the Surabaya ALIT Foundation has been practiced by ALIT volunteers in various target areas. Other than the Perlina Module, there are modules for other activities, including children's athletics modules, life skills modules, and parenting modules. One of the benefits of implementing modules in activities is that it can regulate activities so that they are well planned with clear results or outputs (Rahdiyanta, 2016).
The next stage is the socialization of activities. Socializing activities are carried out directly to the target group by providing information related to activities that they will do together. This was done by volunteers from the Surabaya ALIT Foundation by visiting the homes of the assisted children. Through these socialization activities, the Surabaya ALIT Foundation also seeks to build good connections and communication with the parents of children. These actions are done to the target groups in a family manner without any intimidation. Socialization also aims to increase the knowledge and understanding of various parties, especially the target group so that they are willing and able to carry out their role in the success of mutual goals (Herdiana, 2018). The form of implementation of child assistance activities at Surabaya ALIT Foundation is conducted through education and training activities given to the target group. The completion of educational and training activities, including Child Protection Class (Perlina), Literacy, Life Skills, Interests Talents, and Child Fostered Parents Forum. Through educational and training activities carried out, Yayasan ALIT Surabaya helps foster children to learn about self-defense and develop interests and talents according to each child's potential.
The last stage is monitoring and evaluation. Monitoring is carried out directly to determine the condition and improvement of the fostered children. Monitoring aims to study the condition of the families, health, and education of the foster children regularly. The results of monitoring are intervention data from the target group. Following the monitoring, evaluations are carried out periodically after the implementation of activities to learn the obstacles and shortcomings of the activities that have been carried out so that further activities can be improved for the better. Apart from the Surabaya ALIT Foundation, a selfsupporting community to participate in protecting the rights of street children is the Save Street Child Community Surabaya. This community was founded by young people from Surabaya who care about the existence of marginalized street children. The background story of this community establishment is the grief of some Surabaya youths in noticing the existence of street children in Surabaya. The program that is implemented in the Surabaya Street Child community as a form of protecting the rights of street children is the Let's Go to School Program and Cool Teachers. The cool Teachers program is one of the activities that earn a positive response from street children. Because, in its implementation, this program combines learning with nature. The learning process that involves interaction with the environment and the natural surroundings will provide a momentous learning process for street children that makes them more interested and eager to learn. The learning materials taught will be adjusted to the demands of street children, this makes them more enthusiastic to learn because they will be very excited about everything they want to know. In addition to formal education, Street Child Surabaya also provides non-formal education in the form of religious learning as well as developing talents and interests such as dancing, painting, and playing musical instruments. Street children who can put up with the learning activities quickly will receive the Independent Children Scholarship by Street Child Surabaya. All activities carried out by the Street Child community in Surabaya fall under the act of protecting the rights of street children, particularly the right of street children to live properly, obtain an education, and develop their talents and interests.

Conclusion
Social disparities in society are a consequence of the imbalance of economic sector development, which ultimately has an impact on various sectors including human resources and the social environment causing the phenomenon of street children. There are various factors behind the emergence of street children, such as factors of life quality or economy, family conditions, and the surrounding environment both from companions or the community. Street children are one of the vulnerable groups that are prioritized for RAN HAM. The Surabaya City government's efforts and concern for street children have not been discovered in the renewable regulations which are derivatives of Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021 concerning RANHAM. However, the Surabaya City government has issued Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection. The guarantee of the social welfare of street children is also enshrined in Article 15 Paragraph (3) of Regional Regulation Number 6 of 2011 concerning the Implementation of Child Protection, namely in the form of providing services. The concrete strategy carried out by the Surabaya City government to assist street children was formed in the Regional Technical Implementation Unit, namely UPTD Liponsos Keputih Surabaya, and UPTD Kampung Anak Negeri. According to the Mayor of Surabaya, the assistance carried out by the Surabaya City government will not be completely felt, if there is no form of cooperation between private institutions and community institutions that care about street children. The private institution referred to is the ALIT Foundation through its activity, which is the Children's Rights Program with various actions including the Child Protection Class (Perlina). Meanwhile, communitybased empowerment can be done through community intervention, such as the Surabaya Street Child community which cares about the problems of street children and is actively involved in protecting them.
To provide a renewable legal basis for the assistance of street children as one of the efforts to fulfill the human rights of 4 vulnerable groups, the researcher advises the Surabaya City government to immediately formulate regional regulations as a derivative of Presidential Regulation Number 53 of 2021, and pursue a lot of cooperation with private and community institutions that associated in the field of assistance, especially for street children