Research on Curriculum Reform of Higher Education Major Based on OBE Education Concept

. As an important venue for continuously exporting talents to China society, universities shoulder the task of adapting to the strategic development needs of China and educating people. However, at this stage, with the acceleration of the popularization of tertiary education, the traditional instructional mode has been unable to meet the new requirements of personnel training. Teaching reform, as an important part of improving instructional level, has been paid more and more attention by universities. Universities are constantly improving themselves in teaching methods, curriculum, personnel training and goal setting, so as to promote the output of compound talents. OBE education concept emphasizes students' learning achievements and belongs to a new educational concept. Once put forward, it has been highly valued and widely concerned by the education sector, which has guided the correct direction for the pursuit of excellent education in major universities at present. This article introduces the connotation and core elements of OBE education concept; This article analyzes the present situation and existing problems of educational management in universities. On this basis, based on the concept of OBE education, this article puts forward the corresponding strategies to improve the instructional mode in universities, so as to promote the sustainable reform of the courses of education majors in universities, and thus improve the quality of talent training in universities.


Introduction
OBE educational philosophy is a instructional mode that follows the result-oriented, positive design and reverse implementation. After the OBE concept was put forward, with its strong practical guiding significance, it has always been regarded as an educational reform concept worthy of reference by the education sector [1]. OBE education concept is also often called results-oriented education. Results-oriented education refers to an educational model based on learning output, which belongs to an educational concept oriented to learning results or effects, and represents the main direction of professional engineering teaching innovation, that is, clearly integrating and effectively organizing all links in the teaching process, so that students can fully realize their ideal learning goals in their own learning [2]. Generally speaking, the core elements of OBE education concept are as follows: student-centered teaching design, student-centered resource allocation and student-centered teaching evaluation [3]. In practice, OBE believes that the main goal of education is to help students master the corresponding ability of future life and work, and to carry out education and teaching activities based on this [4]. Establishing the reform of classroom teaching management in universities based on OBE education concept and highlighting the student center are the realistic embodiment of implementing the fundamental task of educating people in universities; Highlighting ability-driven is the key measure to optimize the training quality of teaching process in universities; Highlighting the result orientation is the essential requirement of purifying the environment of talent training system in universities. The operation and growth of tertiary education mostly revolves around how to improve the quality of education. Universities in China shoulder the responsibility of promoting social and economic growth and realizing national strategy, so it is very important for all universities in China to improve the quality of the whole education [5]. After years of practice and exploration, China universities have formed a working concept and model with China characteristics in classroom teaching management, which also provides a guarantee for the basic and supporting functions of classroom teaching management. However, in the traditional instructional mode, the teaching concept of "teacher-centered" has been inherited [6]. All teaching activities are initiated by teachers, who play a leading role in the classroom, paying more attention to the process of teachers' teaching and ignoring students' real learning.
The traditional instructional mode focuses on the "output" results, and in more cases, the results are used as assessment indicators, without paying attention to whether the results are truly transformed into abilities [7]. At this stage, although universities in China have realized that talent cultivation should meet the needs of local economic growth, the positioning of talent education objectives is still not accurate enough, and the educational objectives are not refined based on the characteristics of running schools and the needs of local industries, and the advantages of running schools are not fully exerted, which leads to the disconnection between the educational objectives of universities and the needs of social talents [8]. Moral education in universities is inseparable from the education management of students. Applying the OBE concept to the education management of college students, and making the goal determination, content division, responsibility standardization and achievement evaluation of students' education management with results as the guidance can make the practical significance of education management more clear, straighten out the specific content of education management, standardize the post responsibilities of education managers and scientifically evaluate the practical effect of education management.

Connotation and core elements of OBE educational concept
The concept of OBE education was originally put forward by American scholar Spady. It is a instructional mode that follows the result-oriented, adopts positive design and reverse implementation [9]. It is a very common and popular educational concept in engineering education in universities at present, and it has been highly valued and widely concerned by the educational circles once it is put forward. It guides the correct direction for the pursuit of excellent education in major universities at present, and has great reference significance for the reform of classroom teaching management in universities under the construction of first-class undergraduate courses [10]. From a specific point of view, OBE is a teaching concept with students as the center; From the practical point of view, it focuses on the ability and cultivation of students after receiving education, and holds that all educational activities, processes and curriculum design should be centered on students' expected learning results and attach great importance to educational output. The instructional mode of introducing OBE education concept is shown in Figure 1. The OBE education concept also emphasizes the continuous improvement and promotion of teaching and learning, and proposes to constantly evaluate and feedback the teaching and learning effects, so as to accurately grasp the students' learning status, make timely corrections to teaching, and continuously improve and enhance the instructional level in a circular way. To implement the OBE concept, it is need to first define the expected learning goals for students, that is, the learning results referred to by the OBE concept; Then, according to the learning results, a complete curriculum system is constructed for students in reverse, so as to determine the final teaching strategy and goal; After the teaching is completed, let the students make a self-reference evaluation, so that the students can achieve the expected learning results.

The present situation and existing problems of educational management in universities
China is in a stage of economic restructuring and upgrading, but education itself has the characteristics of independence and eternity, so the development and progress of education itself is in a backward stage compared with the social growth of China [11]. Under the traditional instructional mode, in the process of setting and designing teaching evaluation standards, the classroom teaching management organizations or departments in universities pay little attention to the teaching management concepts related to students' learning subject, ability-driven and teaching resultoriented, and teachers' performance in classroom teaching management and actual teaching links is not really included in the evaluation standards, which leads to the failure to obtain comprehensive results in curriculum teaching evaluation. In addition, the traditional instructional model largely ignores the cultivation of students' creative thinking and personalized development.
In order to cultivate applied talents to meet the needs of contemporary social development, universities need to break the traditional instructional mode, emphasize the students' dominant position, take learning achievements as the guide, and constantly improve the teaching process. The university education based on OBE educational philosophy takes learning achievement as the focus and foothold of defining educational objectives, and fully considers the industrial requirements of various industries and the interests and needs of the government, universities, students and parents. Therefore, the integration of OBE education concept will effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional instructional mode.

Strategies for improving instructional mode in universities based on OBE education concept
4.1 Create an environment conducive to the application of OBE concept and change the role of students In order to adapt to the growth of the times and the needs of the society, university administrators should break away from the previous concept of administrator-centered education management and build a new management model with students as the main body, so as to solve the problems existing in the current education management in universities [12]. OBE educational philosophy is based on the output-oriented evaluation of educational achievements, and the evaluation of education and instructional level is mainly based on students' learning achievements, and the training objectives of students are adjusted accordingly according to the learning achievements, forming a virtuous circle system inside and outside the school. Based on the concept of OBE education, it is need to provide students with all kinds of educational and teaching resources that are conducive to achieving results, design the whole teaching process and make it systematic before, during and after class, and make full use and organic unity of online and offline teaching resources. The benign circulation system inside and outside the school based on OBE concept is shown in Figure 2. Under the guidance of OBE education concept, universities should further clarify the direction of updating the concept of classroom teaching management, further strengthen the concept of first-class classroom teaching management, and design and plan the concept of classroom teaching management as a whole with students as the center. Universities can create a public opinion environment by hiring industry majors to hold lectures and encouraging teachers to openly discuss OBE educational ideas, so as to create an environment in which teachers have a sense of active participation, so that teachers can deeply understand and master OBE educational ideas and quickly reach a broad consensus on the idea of implementing educational reform by using OEB educational ideas in campus life. The two elements of OBE education concept are student-centered and achievement-oriented. The reform of classroom teaching in universities should start with the design of studentcentered and achievement-oriented teaching links, and play a leading role in classroom teaching reform in teaching design. In order to achieve better learning results, schools and teachers should change the traditional "teacher-centered" to "student-centered" so that students can really play the main role in teaching activities; Teachers should change from traditional "knowledge instigator" to "learning guide" to create an independent and cooperative learning atmosphere.

Change the concept of education to meet the needs of development
The center of OBE education idea is students, but the key is teachers. Teachers' teaching ability is the foundation of student-centered, ability-driven and result-oriented [13]. Therefore, the reform of classroom teaching management in universities should start with strengthening teachers' teaching development ability and promoting the innovation of teaching practice training. OBE education concept advocates flexible teaching and emphasizes the flexibility of the whole teaching process. The diversification of teachers' teaching can help students realize their own personalized development, and teachers can adopt various forms of classroom teaching. In the choice of teaching content, we should highlight the students' main body, proceed from students' mastery of scientific knowledge and improvement of application ability, process the contents of teaching materials, cut down the teaching contents, and explain the important contents in depth, leaving the regular contents to students for self-study or discussion. At the same time, in order to effectively improve the learning effect and enthusiasm of college students, universities should train young teachers in professional skills, focusing on cultivating teachers' innovative ability, communication ability, teaching ability level and practical experience; Effectively increasing the number of dual-qualified teachers in universities and effectively improving the comprehensive quality of teachers in universities are the basis for the construction of teachers' teams based on the needs of student groups. Teachers in universities should deeply understand and agree with the significance and practical requirements of OBE concept, and understand that the achievements in education management are not to provide performance certificates for educators themselves, but to make students really gain something in the process of education management; At the same time, we should change our teachers' authority consciousness and respect students' ideas and wishes, instead of forcing students to follow their own ideas and requirements with simple and rude management methods. In addition, in the process of educational management in universities, it is the professional curriculum system in universities that supports the transformation of educational ideas into practice. Judging from the current growth of tertiary education in China, only by emphasizing both ability and political integrity can tertiary education cultivate talents that meet the requirements of the new era. Under the guidance of OBE education concept, the first thing for universities to do is to formulate reasonable teaching objectives. In the process of establishing teaching objectives, universities should not only be different from the traditional instructional mode, but also pay attention to the inevitable connection between the reform of actual instructional mode and the real life of students, so as to form a phased and continuous improvement instructional mode.

Improve the assessment system and
strengthen the result orientation OBE's result orientation is to take the growth of students' ability and the achievement of goals as the coordinate system, and give feedback representation to teachers' classroom teaching. The purpose is to comprehensively evaluate the contribution of teachers' classroom teaching to students' development. The purpose of teaching evaluation is to test and clarify whether students have achieved the expected learning results. The importance of teaching evaluation lies in its relationship with the dynamic adjustment of students' training objectives in the whole teaching design. Applying the OBE concept to the management of college students' education can better straighten out the main line of education management, enrich the content of education management, clarify the responsibilities of education managers and form a closed loop of evaluation of goals and achievements, which is conducive to optimizing the effect of college students' education management. Under the guidance of OBE education concept, the teacher's duty is to correctly grasp the teaching method and guide students to learn the method, so that students can master the learning method and improve their ability while acquiring knowledge. Therefore, the choice of teaching methods should also proceed from students' cognitive level, and according to the requirements of teaching content, inherit traditional teaching methods, construct new instructional models, and reflect innovation and development. OBE education concept pays attention to the acquisition of students' final learning results and emphasizes the diversified assessment of students. Therefore, in the actual assessment, we should pay more attention to the assessment of students' practical ability, and examine whether students apply the theoretical knowledge they have learned to practice, so as to exercise students' ability to find, analyze and solve problems. In order to promote the innovation of teaching evaluation standards, universities should start from the orientation and requirements of first-class classroom teaching management and design evaluation standards that can adapt to the reality of school development and lead the growth of the times and the future. At the same time, the key to the implementation of the standards and whether the teaching evaluation standards can play a role lies in whether the standards are implemented and evaluated. Education reform is closely related to school development. Applying OBE education concept to implement the reform can have a positive impact on the healthy and longterm growth of the school.

Conclusions
The continuous progress of science and technology society and the rapid growth of the information age all put forward higher and newer requirements for the highquality training of talents in universities. The OBE concept has brought new management perspectives and challenges to university administrators. OBE's educational philosophy is to subvert and rethink the original educational model, to follow the fundamental purpose of education, and to pay attention to students' allround development and sustainable development. The concept of OBE education has truly realized the transformation from attaching importance to disciplines to attaching importance to expected results, and from teacher-centered to student-centered It is of great theoretical significance and practical value to carry out university education reform based on OBE education concept. At this stage, some universities in China have applied the OBE educational concept to implement educational reform. This article introduces the connotation and core elements of OBE education concept; This article analyzes the present situation and existing problems of educational management in universities. On this basis, based on the concept of OBE education, this article puts forward the corresponding strategies to improve the instructional mode in universities, so as to promote the sustainable reform of the courses of education majors in universities, and thus improve the quality of talent training in universities. Integrating the OBE education concept into the curriculum reform of education major in modern universities, adhering to the orientation of demand and ability, and paying attention to the cultivation of students' ability can successfully avoid the disadvantages existing in the traditional instructional mode, better cultivate the talents needed by the growth of modern society, and be conducive to the breakthrough growth of tertiary education.