Russian linguistic culture: the concept of “justice” as a nuclear unit of the conceptual field of “guardianship”

Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, 450062, 1 Kosmonavtov str., Ufa, Russia

^* Corresponding author: galiullinasd@yandex.ru

Abstract

The article considers the main language universals realizing the concept of “justice” in the Russian language picture of the world, which forms the basic component of the concept of “guardianship.” This concept realizes the idea of guardianship in the linguistic consciousness of the Russian people as a social protection for the disadvantaged part of the population. The purpose of the study is to determine the internal content of the concept of “justice,” functioning in the Russian linguaculture and being the nuclear unit of the conceptual field of “guardianship.” The object of description is the concept of “justice” in the structure of the conceptual field of “guardianship.” The methodological part of the paper is based on the dialectical connection of the past with the present and the application of the conceptual apparatus, which has been formed both in the Historical and in Social Sciences: Sociology, Philosophy, Political Science, and Linguistics. An interdisciplinary method was used, including historiographical and ideographic methods, linguistic and linguacultural analysis, which together allowed the presentation of a systematic description of an axiologically significant socio-linguistic phenomenon; an introspective method on the basis of which the basic way of presenting information reflected in the scientific works of Russian scientists is based on the principle of free interpretation of the material. The authors conclude that the linguacultural core of the linguistic picture of the world consists of concepts that are verbalized in the mind of the individual and form conceptual fields with thematic content in it. A special role in didactic purposes is played by the concept of “guardianship,” occupying a special place in the linguistic picture of the world of the Russian people, as it reveals the features of the social structure in the system of the rule of law. From the linguistic and cultural point of view, the concept of “guardianship,” as a form of manifestation of charity in the Russian conceptosphere “spirituality”, reflects the idea of social and legal protection being based, first of all, on the idea of moral justice. Linguistic analysis revealed the transformation of the internal content of the word-concept “justice” in the Russian linguistic culture. Justice as an absolute virtue, correlated with the idea of universal well-being, co-exists in society in three forms, namely moral, legal, and political.