Significant factors of violence against women in urban and rural community

¹ Catholic University in Ružomberok, Ružomberok, Slovakia
² Police of Slovak Republic, Martin, Slovakia

Abstract

Introduction. The research is focused on the issue of domestic violence against women. It deals with the definition of violence, concepts and models of individual areas by summarising the research findings and the possibilities of methodological tools for measurement of significant factors of violence against women. Aim. The primary goal of the research is to define significant factors which determine violence against women. Materialand Methods. Methods of research – survey, document analysis and database statistical analysis. Results. Primary results of quantitative research reveal that women of all ages and educational groups are at risk. Mostly women aged 26–45, living in rural areas with middle school education without maturity exam (final exam). Violence in families involves men of all age groups with emphasis on increased incidence in specific categories: mostly men aged 36–45, living in rural areas with secondary (high school or comprehensive school) education. Another field of interest represents analysis of negative family situations, impact of violence against woman on her psychological conditions, and reasons why victims carry on marriage and/or partnership. Conclusions. It can be concluded that the most frequent negative phenomena during aggressor's and/or victim's childhood were physical violence of father against mother, alcohol – possibly father's alcoholism, poverty, physical punishment of children, and patriarchal model of the family. Two thirds of victims continue marriage/partnership in order to maintain the family, to keep the father for children, and for financial reasons. There is a frequent social criminality in poor biological families of aggressors, i.e., a commission of crime because of lack of finances.