Language as a cultural code of a nation (on the example of the modern Kazakh language)

¹ Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
² New century, school gymnasium № 175, Almaty, Kazakhstan
³ Zhetysu University after Ilyas Zhansugurov
⁴ National Library of the Republic of Kazakhstan
⁵ Akhmet Baitursynov Institute of Linguistics, Almaty, Kazakhstan

^* Corresponding author: alm-ornai@mail.ru

Abstract

Today, linguistics is dominated by the anthropocentric direction where special attention is paid to the human factor. The anthropocentric position of the research paradigm is aimed at a deep disclosure of the cognitive and communicative function of language. In the studies of the anthropocentric direction, a human is characterized as a speaking, rational object with his own worldview. Cognitive linguistics occupies a special place in the study of human thinking and speech. Language serves a human as a means of cognition, a means of communication, it is the main way to transfer knowledge about the world, accumulated in the process of cognition of being. Language not only illuminates thought, but also leaves its mark on cognitive activity, as a result of which it participates in mental activity. In modern Kazakh linguistics, special attention is paid to the influence of language on the way of thinking and human activity, as well as the influence of man on language, the human factor in language. Speakers of the same language have a common way of thinking, which is reflected in the onomasiology (name or designation) of different objects, nature, etc. A human shows the richness of his language mainly in vocabulary and phraseology. For this, it is necessary to consider the language as a cognitive system as a whole, taking into account the requirements of cognition and communication.