The influence of cultural capital and educational milestones in Gaokao

Science, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, China

^* Corresponding author: chinglu@connect.hku.hk

Abstract

Following the global economic downturn triggered by the COVID-19 pandemic, China’s economy also experienced significant repercussions. In light of this economic context, an imperative need arises for research to comprehensively assess the employment landscape. Given that the youth population constitutes a pivotal demographic in the labor market, a meticulous examination of their job-seeking dynamics assumes paramount importance, as it holds the potential to catalyze China’s economic development. A pivotal determinant in securing desirable employment opportunities is the possession of credential certificates, elevating the significance of gaining admission to prestigious universities. Central to this endeavor is the performance in the Gaokao, the final examination that serves as the gateway to higher education. Furthermore, the quality of education received by students can significantly impact their ability to excel in the job market. Drawing upon existing literature on the Gaokao, as well as government data concerning youth unemployment rates and high school attendance, this study establishes a compelling connection between city type and cultural capital levels on student behavior during the Gaokao. Moreover, it underscores the critical role played by this milestone examination in contributing to the persistently high youth unemployment rates. These findings shed light on the intricate interplay between education, societal factors, and employment outcomes, which is essential for policymakers and stakeholders aiming to bolster China’s economic resilience in a post-pandemic era.