A Comprehensive Overview on the Generalized Anxiety Disorder – Etiology and Treatment

Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, SE5 8AB, United Kingdom, London

^* Corresponding author: zheyu.2.zhang@kcl.ac.uk

Abstract

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a mental disorder that affects people across the lifespan. The study of GAD has evolved over time, with advancements in research methodologies and treatments. This paper provides an examination of the current understanding of GAD, including etiological factors and evidence-based treatments. Advances in neuroimaging technologies have contributed to a greater understanding of the neurological underpinnings of GAD, while psychotherapeutic interventions have emerged as effective treatment strategies. Moreover, GAD is associated with traits such as avoidance of perceived harm, neuroticism levels, and introversion preference. Studies have also explored the etiology of GAD from a genetic perspective. Future research should focus on validating the efficacy of treatments and exploring novel therapeutic combinations. Additionally, investigating the role of early life events, societal stressors, and cognitive biases in the development of GAD may provide insights into improving management and treatment strategies. This study provides further insights into the etiology of GAD and its treatment.