Exploring the effects of happiness motives and general efficacy on life satisfaction

Fylde College, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA1 4YW, The United Kingdom

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Abstract

The interplay between happiness motivations (hedonic and eudaimonic orientations) and general self-efficacy determining life satisfaction remain a central focus in positive psychology. However, existing studies still have controversies in cross-cultural applicability, mediating pathways, and verification of long-term effects. This study synthesizes cross-cultural data in Eastern and Western populations and systematically examines the mechanisms by which the dual pathways of happiness motives (hedonic pleasure and self-actualization) and general self-efficacy influence life satisfaction through results of structural equation modeling (SEM) and cross-lagged analysis. The study finds that eudaimonia enduring positive influence on life satisfaction, mediated by two channels of meaning experience and emotional experience; hedonism is only related to short-term pleasure and the positive effect weakened by internal motivational conflicts. General self-efficacy not only directly predicts life satisfaction but also indirectly bolsters adaptive capacity via mediating resources (e.g., hope). The results provide theoretical basis for well-being intervention strategies in cross-cultural contexts.