Education in Russia: historical and philosophical aspects

¹ First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Sociology of Medicine, Health Economics and Health Insurance, Moscow, Russia
² Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Philosophy, Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, Moscow, Russia

^* Corresponding author: shamshuriny2@mail.ru

Abstract

Education is the most effective tool of management in politics, since it directly and indirectly acts as public legal coordination of the interests of different social strata representatives, and manifests the ability of the authorities to such coordination. The prerequisites of the present research are the productive achievements of the national educational cultural tradition, its goal setting, which is also the goal of this work. Education as a social institution is a tool of constant state policy, while the policy is not a one-time action but a procedural, dynamic phenomenon, and therefore must always be at the focus of attention of the authorities. Education is the incessant carrying of a certain “image”, in other words, the “image” of the state and, at the same time, its function (in Latin, the function is service, or, in Russian, “the sovereign’s burden”). Service is associated with the upbringing and training of a creative person, his way of thinking, and his entire lifeline. The research methods used, included interdisciplinary and comparative-historical (comparative) approaches. The most important results, novelty, and significance of the present research are associated with the ways of developing spirituality and preserving the tradition of creativity and freedom in humanitarian education, which form the public consciousness.