Exploring the Core Difficulties of Second Language Spanish and English grammar and the AI Intervention Mechanism

International Department of Culture and Communication Studies, Beijing City University, Beijing, 100191, China

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Abstract

This article compares and analyzes the core grammatical difficulties encountered in the acquisition process of English and Spanish as second languages, and explores the intervention mechanisms and application potential of artificial intelligence (AI) technology in this field. Previous studies indicate that English and Spanish exhibit essential differences in word order characteristics, tense and aspect systems, agreement and morphological changes, as well as preposition usage, which constitute unique acquisition challenges for each language. The difficulties of English grammar are mainly reflected in the categorical thinking of the tense system, the conceptualized use of articles, and the morphological habits of subject-verb agreement. To native Chinese speakers, the complicacy of verb conjugation, use of the pronominal, and rules that must be observed over the use of nouns in Spanish combined with the extremely grammaticalized subjunctive mood present more salient challenges to learning compared to other languages: Not only does it entail more effort to break down grammatical reasoning and full rule agreement when there is a need to remember them during live comprehension and expression, but it also demands that the multitude of fragmented grammatical point be stored in long-term memory. During recent years, the universal implementation of AI technology facilitated the breakthrough advancements.