The Role of Chatbots in Foreign Language Speaking Anxiety

School of Foreign Languages and Cultures, Guangdong University of Finance, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510630, China

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Abstract

With the development of society, the importance of foreign language learning has become increasingly prominent. Foreign language speaking anxiety, as the main obstacle to improving oral skills, is a problem that most learners encounter. Artificial intelligence provides a solution to this pain point - chatbots. Most studies have found that chatbots, by interacting with learners in the target foreign language, can provide learners with an independent and stress-free practice space, effectively alleviating speaking anxiety. However, some studies have shown that when the technology is not up to standard and the usage frequency is insufficient, it has no effect on reducing speaking anxiety or even has side effects. This study compared and analysed these contradictory studies. It found that the impact of chatbots on learners’ speaking anxiety depends on the individual situation and whether the technology design can meet the needs of specific situations. Multiple factors can affect the impact of chatbots on learners’ speaking anxiety levels, such as learners’ digital literacy, initial anxiety level, technology quality, task design, and usage frequency.