Issue |
SHS Web Conf.
Volume 46, 2018
6e Congrès Mondial de Linguistique Française
|
|
---|---|---|
Article Number | 01002 | |
Number of page(s) | 11 | |
Section | Discours, pragmatique et interaction | |
DOI | https://doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184601002 | |
Published online | 09 July 2018 |
Quand la présence vocale assouplit l’oral préparé : à propos des enchaînements pseudodialogaux entre discours radiojournalistique et citations enregistrées
Université Paul-Valéry Montpellier 3, CNRS, Praxiling UMR 5267, France
bertrand.verine@univ-montp3.fr
Plusieurs recherches récentes appliquées aux médias audiovisuels ont souligné les différences de contextualisation entre, d’une part, les formes classiques de discours rapporté par la voix du journaliste et, d’autre part, les citations enregistrées. En particulier, la présentification matérielle du locuteur enchâssé via l’enregistrement restreint les possibilités d’anaphore pronominale et d’enchaînement par un connecteur argumentatif en aval de la citation, contrairement à la grande liberté qu’atteste la presse écrite après les énoncés entre guillemets. En symétrie, on montre ici que le discours d’information radiophonique actualise, avant et après les citations enregistrées, des enchaînements improbables dans le cas des discours rapportés classiques. Ainsi, en amont de l’enregistrement, il arrive que le présentateur court-circuite le travail de l’envoyé spécial en faisant mine d’être lui-même à l’initiative de l’échange avec un témoin, ce qui subvertit la frontière générique entre interview en direct et reportage en différé. Mais surtout, en aval, on rencontre des interventions évaluatives ou quasi réactives. On explique globalement ces occurrences par le fait que la matérialité de la voix du locuteur enchâssé fait ressurgir, chez le journaliste enchâssant, des réflexes dialogaux, qui lui offrent de surcroît des occasions de complicité avec les auditeurs. Le corpus est tiré des matinales de la chaîne publique France Inter de 2007 à 2017.
Abstract
When the presence of a recorded voice gives prepared speech more flexibility: would-be exchanges between radio journalists and sound-bite quotes. Several recent publications analyzing reported speech in audiovisual media have pointed out the differences in contextualization between, on the one hand, classical instances of reported speech used by journalists and, on the other, recorded quotations. It is particularly interesting to observe how, in the case of recorded quotations, the presence of a voice other than that of the journalist limits the range of anaphoras and argumentative connectors that can come after the quotation. By comparison, segments of reported speech between quotation marks in written papers give the journalist a much greater latitude to complete the sentence. However, recorded quotations also allow the journalists another kind of freedom and this is what this paper is focussing on. Before the recorded sound bite, a presenter may sometimes “borrow” the work of the special correspondent, speaking as if he himself was the initiator of the recorded exchange with an interviewed person. In doing so, he blurs the border between two discursive genres: the live interview and the recorded report. After the recorded quotation, he also frequently makes evaluative comments, or even reacts as if he was engaged in a quasi exchange with the recorded voice. These phenomena can be explained by the presence of the recorded interviewee’s voice which triggers dialogic reflexes on the journalist using the quotes. They also create opportunities for complicity with the radio audience. The corpus was selected from the morning programs of the public broadcast France Inter from 2007 to 2017.
© The Authors, published by EDP Sciences
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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