Philosophical reflection of childhood as projecting the “adult” world

Don State Technical University, Department of philosophy and world religions, 344000 Rostov-on-Don, Russian Federation

Abstract

In the article the author presents the analysis of philosophical reflection of the phenomenon of childhood from antiquity to the present day. In connection with the “adult-child” reveals the theme of identity culture, the true person, the person as much in one. The study of the history of philosophical understanding of childhood revealed contradictions in the description of the essence of the dialogue between the adult and child Self, the problems of educational projects. The author explains how the dialogue is the formulation of the adult personality as a “teacher” (“educator”) – the carrier of cultural norms and values and the design of the future personality in the child. The specificity of algorithms, methods of construction and representation of the Self always depends on the specifics of the history of culture. The author offers a way to solve the modern contradictions of “education” through the construction of the actual cultural dynamics of the communicative model “adult – child”. This new model of dialogue should take into account psychophysiological aspects, historical and cultural, and non-historical, transcendental concepts when creating projects of the Mature Self in the child (with appropriate role behavior).