State policy of the USSR in the field of education during the Great Patriotic War, 1941–1945

¹ Chechen State Pedagogical University, 33, Subra Kishieva Str., Chechen Republic, Grozny, 364037, Russian Federation
² Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Russian Federation
³ Stavropol State Agrarian University, bld. 6, 347, Mira str., Stavropol, Russian Federation
⁴ Chechen State University named after A.A. Kadyrov, 32, Sheripova Str., Grozny, 364024, Russian Federation

^* Corresponding author: telbuzdukaeva@mail.ru

Abstract

In modern Russia, the urgent task of social development is the reform of the educational system. The problems of education, the content of textbooks, the management of educational processes and other aspects of education policy are under the close attention of the Russian leadership. The problem of public education is patriotic upbringing, civic consciousness of the younger generation. Another serious problem facing the modern school is the problem of training qualified teaching staff. These issues require scientific analysis when developing education policy, and History lessons need to be taken into account. The chosen topic is relevant, since the accumulated experience of school education during the Great Patriotic War shows that the political, social, professional management of the education system is of not only scientific, but also practical interest. This is, firstly, a study of the adaptation of school education to the extreme conditions of wartime, the activation of patriotic upbringing. Unfortunately, local wars are being waged on the territory of the former Soviet Union, having a negative impact on the education system. Therefore, the historical experience of the school education functioning during the Great Patriotic War must be adopted. Compliance with the law on universal education was accompanied by great difficulties, especially in the initial period of the war. This was explained by the fact that students at the beginning of the war had no time to study; many evacuees were on their way to their destination; teenagers en masse went to work in production. The problems of universal education at the beginning of the war intersected with the child safety issues. The country faced the task of combating homelessness and neglect. Millions of people had their homes destroyed, thousands of children lost their relatives and families.