T regulatory Function and Modification for Future Application

Chiway Repton School Xiamen, Xiamen, 361022, China

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Abstract

T regulatory cell is a very particular type of T cell that plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and peripheral tolerance. The Treg (T regulatory cell) is a CD4+ T cell that has many mechanisms to create immune tolerance by effecting B and T cells. They are important for the control of tumour immunity, micro biome, organ transplants, allergy and of course self-tolerance. There are also times where Tregs fail to create tolerance whether by the decrease in population, no recognition of certain antigens (Inheritance) and also many other reasons such as environmental (theory that our immune system exposed to less pathogens in the modern cities so our immune system starts to react against our own antigens, potential reason for the increase in allergy) but not enough scientific evidence is provided yet. The fail in immune tolerance can result in auto-immune disease such as apoptotic dermatitis and DT1 (diabetes type 1). Research about cell and non-cell therapies are being researched and undergoing in clinical trials potentially cure or control autoimmune diseases as well as increase the success rates for organ transplant etc., by modifying Tregs.